Kay LaurenceKay Laurence (Learning About Dogs) · 글
toy(장난감)가 손에 들려 있을 때: 활동이 시작되었음을 의미함.agenda(일정)와 timetable(시간표)을 따라야 하는가?dog-brain(개의 본능적 뇌)이 사람의 안전을 압도하지 못하도록 막는 경계선은 어디인가?welfare(복지)와 safety(안전)를 해치지 않도록 하는 규칙은 무엇인가?words(단어)나 closing down sequence(마무리 순서)가 존재하는가?calming down(진정하기)은 연습이 필요한 기술이며, focal point(초점)를 늘려 외부 영향력을 무시하는 것도 학습 대상임.Arousal(각성)은 여러 수준으로 존재함.Arousal, 혹은 frenetic(광란)해지거나 OTT(over the top, 과도한 상태)가 되는 것은 곧 즐거움을 의미하지 않음.proprioceptive skills(고유수용성 감각)의 사용.predatory responses(포식적 반응)를 자극하여 주의력을 압도하는 움직임과 충돌하는가? (예: chase(추격), leap(도약), grab bite(잡고 물기), body slam(몸으로 들이받기), kill shaking(살상용 흔들기))cue(신호)와 body language(바디 랭귀지)를 배우고 있음sequences(순서)를 매우 상세하게 연구하고 기억함)predatory responses(포식 반응)를 자극하는가?awakened predator(깨어난 포식자)를 관리할 수 있는가?bite skills(입질 기술)를 개발 중이라면, 이를 안전하게 channelling(방향 전환)하고 있는가?herding skills(몰이 기술)를 개발 중이라면, 그것을 어디서 어떻게 사용할지 계획했는가?predatory responses(포식 반응)에 대한 stimulus(자극)를 아는 것이 개를 부적절한 적용으로부터 보호하는 핵심임predatory behaviours(포식 행동)를 관리하고 있는가?Play(놀이), Training(훈련), Work(작업), Games(게임) 중 무엇이라 부르든, 활동을 분석하는 과정이 이해도를 높이는 핵심임retrieves(회수 놀이), bite and grab(물고 잡아당기기)에서의 과도한 힘, 격렬한 body slams(몸으로 들이받기), 과도한 탈진(over exhaustion) 등Play, drill practice, shaping games 등 모든 활동에 적용되는 체크포인트:rules of engagement(참여 규칙)가 있을 것marker(마커)로 사용하여 새로운 행동을 shape(형성)할 수 없다면, 우리는 그 신호가 reinforcer(강화제)라고 가정할 수 없음)trainer(훈련사)가 되는 과정이 필요하다.predatory behaviour(포식 행동)를 보인다는 주장을 흔히 듣는다.error(오류)는 피드백이다.training(훈련) 기준은 오늘날과 같지 않다.survival instinct(생존 본능)이다.necessity(필요성)에서 시작된다.management(관리)는 필수적인 것이며, 대개 갈등을 줄임으로써 모든 당사자에게 이익이 된다.sit(앉아)이나 down(엎드려)을 가르치는 것으로 시작하며, 이는 reinforcement(강화)를 이용한 초기 훈련 경험 중 하나이다.sit이나 down은 terminal behaviour(최종 행동)인가, 아니면 temporary position(일시적인 자세)인가?reinforcement process(강화 과정)를 쉽게 확장할 수 있다.recipes(레시피/정형화된 방법론)는 우리가 개와 함께 살아가고 개에 대해 이야기하는 방식 속에 너무나 만연해 있어, 그 존재 자체가 의심받지 않는 경우가 많다.science(과학) 및 technology(기술)와 공존할 수 없기 때문이다(도구 그 자체가 목적이 될 수 없음을 의미).clicker 자체는 단순한 도구일 뿐이며, 기술과 결합하여 사용될 때 teaching(가르침)에 있어 명확성과 이해도를 제공한다.antecedent selection(선행 조건 선택)의 적절성에 대한 좋은 이해를 갖춘다면, 개에게 sorting the wheat from the chaff(알곡과 쭉정이를 가려내듯 필요한 정보만을 선별하는 것) 기술을 가르칠 수 있다.bones of the exercise)을 찾아낼 수 있다.distractions(주의 분산 요소)와 cues(신호)를 구별하는 데 있어 매우 중요함.distractions은 단지 다른 reward opportunity(보상 기회)를 위한 또 다른 cues일 뿐임.cues는 성공을 보장하는 신호를 의미함.training(훈련)과 learning(학습)이 전혀 같은 것이 아니라는 점임.training session(훈련 세션)을 시작하기 전, preparation(준비)은 스트레스 없는 learning(학습)을 위한 핵심 요소임.positive reinforcement(긍정 강화)를 이용한 교육을 위한 많은 protocols(프로토콜)에 둘러싸여 있음.error(실수)를 저지르도록 상황을 설정해야 한다는 인식이 지속되고 있음.error(실수)란 단순히 보호자의 expectation(기대)과 반려견의 response(반응) 사이의 차이일 뿐임.distractions(주의 분산 요소)에 의존하지 말고, faded-in environments(점진적으로 도입되는 환경)를 활용해야 함.Play Health Check by Kay Laurence | Feb 13, 2024 When we view food or play as only a reward we fall into the mindset of “what can I get the dog to do for this”? It would not be healthy for a dog to view any food or play as “what do I need to do to earn this?” Instead when we look at play or food delivery as an ACTIVITY we share the same mindset as the dog: is there pleasure to be experienced? Will they enjoy this? Does the food give them pleasure by the taste or the activity of us delivering breakfast in bed, or perhaps a chase down or a short search? Or does food just stop them feeling hungry? Does tossing that toy or making it grunt and squeak or seeing it fly in the air give them pleasure? The dog will be seeking repetition to gain more and better rewards, more pleasure and time spent together. We should not view these activities: games or food delivery as currency for our agenda or as a means to manipulate the dog. The pleasure is often the interaction, the learning, the way of moving. Play or deliver food for the pleasure, not something that we just do to get something in return, but because it also gives us pleasure to enjoy this activity with the dog. The activities that bring connection, learning and wellness for both you and the dog, but first we may need an Activity Health check:
stressed. Before every repetition or continuation we should be looking for changes that tells us how the dog feels: how well they are, their safety and sense security and comfort and desire for more. Remember: it is not about making the activity fun but finding the fun in the activity. 2. Does this activity have a clear beginning? Do we have a sequence that tells the dog this activity is starting? Is the information non-ambiguous: when that toy is in your hand: the activity has begun, when you go that place: the activity is on, when you say that word: you give your full attention to the activity. Equally is the dog able to ask for that activity or does it always follow your agenda and timetable? How can they ask? Is the dog clear about what is going to be happening? Have you set the rules and are they clear in your own mind before you begin? Where is the boundary that stops the dog-brain overwhelming person safety? What rules stop the person-seeking-entertainment from compromising the dog’s welfare and safety? 3. Does the activity have a clear ending? goodness me if you have a Border collies here, this is critical ! Is the dog clear about what finishing looks like? Does this mean a clear change in your behaviour and energy level? Are there specific words or a closing down sequence? If the dog does not know when to end what does this look like? This is the dog that is unsure because someone has said “Aww, just one more then”. Be clear, be consistent, be fair. 4. Are we overstimulating? Is there potential to change the energy levels of this activity? Do we inadvertently ramp it up or get over excited ourselves? This can easily influence the dog and we both get carried away. In every activity there are opportunities for learning and we can develop the skills of changing our energy, calming down is a skill that needs to be practised or increasing our focal point to ignore external influences. Could we increase the energy and arousal, is this dependant on what we do or simply the activity itself? Will the dog naturally tire or naturally get fitter? Does the dog need additional challenges and stimulation as they become more skilled. Energy and arousal are connected but not the same thing. Energy is closer to effort required and will reduce with fatigue or stress. Arousal will be at different levels: some arousal may be beneficial, it may be caused by uncertainty or stress and it may go beyond the dog’s ability to control it. Arousal, or getting frenetic or going OTT does not equate to pleasure. 5. Does the dog feel safe and is protected from injury? Is this is
a physically demanding activity: are we protecting our dogs from overdoing it? Sliding and turning badly on an unsuitable floor. Using unused muscles or undeveloped balance or proprioceptive skills. Is the dog in conflict with movement that stimulates predatory responses that can overwhelm caution: chase, leap, grab bite, body slam, kill shaking. Do the participants trust each other and the environment? A dog will often play with such intensity and dedication that they are unable to consider their own safety. A person may be over aware of judgement and observation from others. This can also influence a dog that may become the prey-object of intense focus from other dogs. One bad experience associated with an activity can sour it for life. 6. What learning is happening? Person be awake, be very observant and continually asking question. Keep your head on the job. This is Practice, learning will be happening whether we like it or not, whether we are aware of it or not. They will be getting better, faster, more skilled: at what? Are they learning physical ways of moving and using their bodies? Is this beneficial for that individual? Are they learning our cues and body language? Have they discovered you cannot run as fast as them? Or that you wimp out when they run into you? Or that you cannot end the game? Are they learning anticipation? Oh gosh yes. They will be studying and remembering your movement and sequences in fine detail. Are they learning we are very poor at this and they can beat us hands down or we are a soft touch and give up easily? Are they learning that we demand too much, too soon or too often? Hmmmm ….. be one step ahead 7. Does this activity stimulate predatory responses? Are we aware of this; can we see it ? Is this what gives the dog the greatest pleasure and does not cause us trouble in the future? Will we be able to manage the awakened predator? If they are developing better bite skills and are we channelling this safely? If they are developing herding skills have we planned where and how they will use this? If they are becoming better hunters can we ensure the safety and wellbeing of potential prey? What are the stimulus? Knowing the stimulus for any predatory responses is key to keeping the dog safe from inappropriate application. Is the dog managing their predatory behaviours? Are we able to use this activity to build control and awareness? Dogs are predators and will find pleasure in predatory activities. It is our responsibility to ensure this is well managed and channelled appropriately. The process of planning and analysing th
e activity whether we call it Play, Training, Work or Games is key to building more understanding. We can then adapt the activity for the benefit of the dog perhaps to build a skill, build resilience or build our relationship through sharing enjoyable activities together. No activity should be at the cost of one of the partners for the pleasure of the other. Whether this is too many retrieves, too much power in the bite and grab, energetic body slams or over exhaustion. Not an activity where one partner puts in all the effort for the entertainment of the other. Every one of these point to check apply equally to all activities you share with the dog. Whether you label this a game, or just play, or drill practice or shaping games. They are all activities with common elements and similar topography: For all participants: Clear understanding of what will be happening A clear beginning and end to the activity. Rules of engagement that encompass safety and wellness A healthy range of different activities that enhance the relationship and connection. A continual awareness that learning is always happening and will benefit from guidance. Explore COURSES All courses learn well learn it once Key Reading The Value of Experience The non-experienced, or current generation of imposters, have attended a course, read a book, got a certificate and have yet to gain experience to deepen their knowledge or understanding of the subject, protocol, method … Read More The Power of A Cue We cannot presume a cue is a reinforcer unless we can shape a new behaviour using that cue as the marker. Read carefully. Think carefully. Consider multiple perspectives. Sometimes it seems easier to let someone else do the thinking for you and just copy, but we need to become thoughtful trainers. Read More Back to Basics? The word “basic” is often derided as synonymous with “shallow,” but in its origins it is the very opposite: foundational, profound, supportive. Read More Science Doesn’t Have All the Answers We lean on science in our efforts to bridge the gap as though it provides the answers to how things should be rather than describing how things are understood. Read More A View to a Kill? We often hear the claim that the Border Collie is exhibiting predatory behaviour on sheep. But are they really seeking to kill? Read More The Need to Correct an Error When learning is littered with costly mistakes we will carry anxiety and avoidance. Errors are feedback. There should be no fear of error just opportunities to learn. Read More Normal is always changing What was normal in training 20 or 40 y
ears ago is not the same today. There are folk persistently maintaining the normal of 1976, but fortunately there are enough folk with a deeper understanding of the processes that have moved normal forwards. Read More The Cost of Cherrypicking When we admit that the ideas we’re sharing are derived from the work of others, we demonstrate our own commitment to learning Read More The Answers Await Discovery The idea that we’re responsible for our dogs’ learning might well seem strange when we consider how we conceptualise “training:” Read More A Road to Nowhere When familiarity is stripped away we seek recognisable signposts that will take us back to comfort and security. This is survival instinct. It is worth listening to as it keeps us alive. Read More Top Training When we train a dog it grows Most training starts from necessity. Management is a necessity but it usually benefits all parties by a reduction of conflict. Are they expanding their skills to benefit us or for their benefit? Read More Release cue or stay cue Many of us begin with teaching sit or down, and this is one of the earliest experiences of training with reinforcement. Is the sit, or down, going to be a terminal behaviour, or a temporary position? Read More Going Shopping This is a joint travelling adventure. It completely resets the learning and can easily extend the reinforcement process. Read More What’s Cooking? A Warning About Recipes Recipes for “training” dogs are so prevalent in how we live with and talk about them that their existence often goes unquestioned. Read More Reasons to use a clicker The concept of “being a clicker trainer” is always going to lead to argument and misunderstanding because it cannot exist alongside the science and technology. It is a “fakery” of our time. The clicker itself is a simple tool that when used in conjunction with technology provides clarity and understanding in teaching. Read More A Cue or not a cue? With thoughtful planning and a good understanding of the relevance of antecedent selection we can teach the dog the skills of sorting the wheat from the chaff, finding the bones of the exercise. This skill is critical to being able to distinguish between distractions, which are just cues for an alternative reward opportunity, and cues which signify a guarantee of success. Read More What We Get Right About Dogs We can learn from remarkable people who have worked with remarkable dogs: training and learning are not the same thing at all. Read More Preparation Preparation: before moving house or a training session, a key to stress free learning Read M
ore Shaping by rewards When I see a dog showing a behaviour that is heading towards potential conflict, my first question is “what rewards are available?” Read More The Fade-in Protocol Even though today we are surrounded by many available protocols for teaching with positive reinforcement, there is still a persistence that a dog should be set-up to make an error. An error is simply the difference between my expectation and the dog’s response. No more “distractions”, but faded-in environments. Read More 0 Comments Submit a Comment Cancel reply Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked * Comment * Name * Email * Website Submit Comment Δ